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<h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">sceapy框架
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          <h2 id="1、scrapy安装与环境依赖"><a href="#1、scrapy安装与环境依赖" class="headerlink" title="1、scrapy安装与环境依赖"></a>1、scrapy安装与环境依赖</h2><p>　　1.在安装scrapy前需要安装好相应的依赖库, 再安装scrapy, 具体安装步骤如下:</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span>).安装lxml库: pip install lxml</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">2</span>).安装wheel: pip install wheel</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">3</span>).安装twisted: pip install twisted文件路径</span><br><span class="line">	(twisted需下载后本地安装,下载地址:http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/<span class="comment">#twisted)</span></span><br><span class="line">	(版本选择如下图,版本后面有解释,请根据自己实际选择)</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">4</span>).安装pywin32: pip install pywin32</span><br><span class="line">	(注意:以上安装步骤一定要确保每一步安装都成功,没有报错信息,如有报错自行百度解决)</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">5</span>).安装scrapy: pip install scrapy</span><br><span class="line">	(注意:以上安装步骤一定要确保每一步安装都成功,没有报错信息,如有报错自行百度解决)</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">6</span>).成功验证:在cmd命令行输入scrapy,显示Scrapy1<span class="number">.6</span><span class="number">.0</span>-no active project,证明安装成功</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<img src="https://gitee.com/tian_yu_ting/blog_img/raw/master/sceapy.png">

<h2 id="2、创建项目"><a href="#2、创建项目" class="headerlink" title="2、创建项目"></a>2、创建项目</h2><p>　　1.手动创建一个目录test<br>　　2.在test文件夹下创建爬虫项目为spiderpro: scrapy startproject spiderpro<br>　　3.进入项目文件夹: cd spiderpro<br>　　4.创建爬虫文件: scrapy genspider 爬虫名 域名</p>
<h2 id="3、项目目录介绍"><a href="#3、项目目录介绍" class="headerlink" title="3、项目目录介绍"></a>3、项目目录介绍</h2><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">spiderpro</span><br><span class="line">　　spiderpro <span class="comment"># 项目目录</span></span><br><span class="line">　　　　__init__</span><br><span class="line">　　　　spiders:爬虫文件目录</span><br><span class="line">　　　　　　__init__</span><br><span class="line">　　　　　　tests.py:爬虫文件</span><br><span class="line">　　　　items.py:定义爬取数据持久化的数据结构</span><br><span class="line">　　　　middlewares.py:定义中间件</span><br><span class="line">　　　　pipelines.py:管道,持久化存储相关</span><br><span class="line">　　　　settings.py:配置文件</span><br><span class="line">　　venv:虚拟环境目录</span><br><span class="line">　 scrapy.cfg: scrapy项目配置文件</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="说明："><a href="#说明：" class="headerlink" title="说明："></a>说明：</h2><p>　　(1).spiders:其内包含一个个Spider的实现, 每个Spider是一个单独的文件<br>　　(2).items.py:它定义了Item数据结构, 爬取到的数据存储为哪些字段<br>　　(3).pipelines.py:它定义Item Pipeline的实现<br>　　(4).settings.py:项目的全局配置<br>　　(5).middlewares.py:定义中间件, 包括爬虫中间件和下载中间件<br>　　(6).scrapy.cfg:它是scrapy项目的配置文件, 其内定义了项目的配置路径, 部署相关的信息等</p>
<h2 id="4、scrapy框架介绍-5大核心组件与数据流向"><a href="#4、scrapy框架介绍-5大核心组件与数据流向" class="headerlink" title="4、scrapy框架介绍: 5大核心组件与数据流向"></a>4、scrapy框架介绍: 5大核心组件与数据流向</h2><img src="https://gitee.com/tian_yu_ting/blog_img/raw/master/sceapy2.png" style="zoom:70%">

<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span>).架构:</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Scrapy Engine: 这是引擎，负责Spiders、ItemPipeline、Downloader、Scheduler中间的通讯，信号、数据传递等等!</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Scheduler(调度器): 它负责接受引擎发送过来的requests请求，并按照一定的方式进行整理排列，入队、并等待Scrapy Engine(引擎)来请求时，交给引擎。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Downloader（下载器)：负责下载Scrapy Engine(引擎)发送的所有Requests请求，并将其获取到的Responses交还给Scrapy Engine(引擎)，由引擎交给Spiders来处理，</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Spiders：它负责处理所有Responses,从中分析提取数据，获取Item字段需要的数据，并将需要跟进的URL提交给引擎，再次进入Scheduler(调度器)，</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Item Pipeline：它负责处理Spiders中获取到的Item，并进行处理，比如去重，持久化存储（存数据库，写入文件，总之就是保存数据用的）</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Downloader Middlewares(下载中间件)：你可以当作是一个可以自定义扩展下载功能的组件</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　Spider Middlewares(Spider中间件)：你可以理解为是一个可以自定扩展和操作引擎和Spiders中间‘通信‘的功能组件（比如进入Spiders的Responses;和从Spiders出去的Requests）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">(<span class="number">2</span>).工作流:</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="number">1.</span>spider将请求发送给引擎, 引擎将request发送给调度器进行请求调度</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="number">2.</span>调度器把接下来要请求的request发送给引擎, 引擎传递给下载器, 中间会途径下载中间件</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="number">3.</span>下载携带request访问服务器, 并将爬取内容response返回给引擎, 引擎将response返回给spider</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="number">4.</span>spider将response传递给自己的parse进行数据解析处理及构建item一系列的工作, 最后将item返回给引擎, 引擎传递个pipeline</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="number">5.</span>pipe获取到item后进行数据持久化</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="number">6.</span>以上过程不断循环直至爬虫程序终止</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="5、使用scrapy框架爬取糗百"><a href="#5、使用scrapy框架爬取糗百" class="headerlink" title="5、使用scrapy框架爬取糗百"></a>5、使用scrapy框架爬取糗百</h2><p>　　需求: 爬取糗事百科热门板块,每一条的标题,好笑,评论条数及作者信息,解析爬取的信息数据,定制item数据存储结构,最终将数据存储于MongoDB数据库中.<br>　　创建项目:</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">scrapy startproject qsbk <span class="comment"># 创建项目</span></span><br><span class="line">cd qsbk <span class="comment"># 切换到项目目录</span></span><br><span class="line">scrapy genspider qsbk_hot www.qiushibaike.com <span class="comment"># 创建爬虫文件, qsbk_hot为爬虫名, www...com为爬取范围</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　item文件定义数据存储的字段:</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> scrapy</span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">QsbkItem</span><span class="params">(scrapy.Item)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    title = scrapy.Field()  <span class="comment"># 标题</span></span><br><span class="line">    lau = scrapy.Field()  <span class="comment"># 好笑数</span></span><br><span class="line">    comment = scrapy.Field()  <span class="comment"># 评论数</span></span><br><span class="line">    auth = scrapy.Field()  <span class="comment"># 作者</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　spider文件中定义解析数据的方法</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">QsbkHotSpider</span><span class="params">(scrapy.Spider)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">	name =<span class="string">'qsbk_hot'</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment"># allowed_domains = ['www.qiushibaike.com'] # 无用, 可注释掉</span></span><br><span class="line">	start_urls =[<span class="string">'http://www.qiushibaike.com/'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment"># 思路:一条热点数据在前端中对应一个li标签, 将一页中的所有li标签取出, 再进一步操作</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">parse</span><span class="params">(self, response)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		li_list = response.selector.xpath(<span class="string">'//div[@class="recommend-article"]/ul/li'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment"># 循环li标签组成的列表, 先实例化item, 再取需要的字段, 并该item对象的相应属性赋值</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span> li <span class="keyword">in</span> li_list:</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment"># 实例化item对象</span></span><br><span class="line">			item =QsbkItem()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment"># 解析获取title(标题), lau(好笑数), comment(评论数), auth(作者)等信息</span></span><br><span class="line">			title = li.xpath(<span class="string">'./div[@class="recmd-right"]/a/text()'</span>).extract_first()</span><br><span class="line">			lau = li.xpath(<span class="string">'./div[@class="recmd-right"]/div[@class="recmd-detail clearfix"]/div/span[1]/text()'</span>).extract_first()</span><br><span class="line">			comment = li.xpath(<span class="string">'./div[@class="recmd-right"]/div[@class="recmd-detail clearfix"]/div/span[4]/text()'</span>).extract_first()</span><br><span class="line">			auth = li.xpath(<span class="string">'./div[@class="recmd-right"]/div[@class="recmd-detail clearfix"]/a/span/text()'</span>).extract_first()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment"># 因为部分热点数据还没有评论和好笑数, 所以需对数据进行处理</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> lau:</span><br><span class="line">				lau =<span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> comment:</span><br><span class="line">				comment =<span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment"># 将字段的值存储在item的属性中</span></span><br><span class="line">            item[<span class="string">"title"</span>]= title</span><br><span class="line">            item[<span class="string">"lau"</span>]= lau</span><br><span class="line">            item[<span class="string">"comment"</span>]= comment</span><br><span class="line">            item[<span class="string">"auth"</span>]= auth</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment"># 返回item, 框架会自动将item传送至pipeline中的指定类</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">yield</span> item</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　在pipeline中定义管道类进行数据的存储</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pymongo</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">classQsbkPipeline(object):</span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="comment"># 连接MongoDB数据库</span></span><br><span class="line">	conn = pymongo.MongoClient(<span class="string">"localhost"</span>, <span class="number">27017</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	db = conn.qiubai</span><br><span class="line">	table = db.qb_hot</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">process_item</span><span class="params">(self, item, spider)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">　　　　<span class="comment"># 向数据库中出入数据</span></span><br><span class="line">　　　　self.table.insert(dict(item))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　　　<span class="comment"># 此处return item是为了下一个管道类能够接收到item进行存储</span></span><br><span class="line">　　　　<span class="keyword">return</span> item</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">　　<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">close_spider</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">　　　　<span class="comment"># 关闭数据库连接</span></span><br><span class="line">　　　　self.conn.close()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　此示例中配置文件中的配置的项, 注意是不是全部的配置, 是针对该项目增加或修改的配置项</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 忽略robots协议</span></span><br><span class="line">ROBOTSTXT_OBEY =<span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># UA伪装</span></span><br><span class="line">USER_AGENT = <span class="string">'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 管道类的注册配置</span></span><br><span class="line">ITEM_PIPELINES =&#123;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'qsbk.pipelines.QsbkPipeline'</span>:<span class="number">300</span>,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="6、scrapy爬取校花网人名与图片下载链接"><a href="#6、scrapy爬取校花网人名与图片下载链接" class="headerlink" title="6、scrapy爬取校花网人名与图片下载链接"></a>6、scrapy爬取校花网人名与图片下载链接</h2><p>　　需求: 爬取校花网大学校花的默认的第一页的所有图片src和人名, 并通过管道存入mongodb数据库<br>　　创建项目:</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">scrapy startproject xiaohuaspider <span class="comment"># 创建项目</span></span><br><span class="line">cd xiaohuaspider <span class="comment"># 切换到项目目录</span></span><br><span class="line">scrapy genspider hua www.baidu.com <span class="comment"># 创建爬虫文件, hua为爬虫名, www.baidu.com为爬取范围</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　创建item类, 用于存储解析出的数据</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> scrapy</span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">XiaohuaspiderItem</span><span class="params">(scrapy.Item)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    name = scrapy.Field()</span><br><span class="line">    src = scrapy.Field()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　spider中定义爬取的行为与解析数据的操作</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> scrapy</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ..items <span class="keyword">import</span> XiaohuaspiderItem</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">HuaSpider</span><span class="params">(scrapy.Spider)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    name = <span class="string">'hua'</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment"># allowed_domains = ['www.baidu.com']</span></span><br><span class="line">    start_urls = [<span class="string">'http://www.xiaohuar.com/hua/'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">parse</span><span class="params">(self, response)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        div_list = response.xpath(<span class="string">'//div[@class="img"]'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> div <span class="keyword">in</span> div_list:</span><br><span class="line">            item = XiaohuaspiderItem()</span><br><span class="line">            name = div.xpath(<span class="string">'.//span/text()'</span>).extract_first()</span><br><span class="line">            src = div.xpath(<span class="string">'./a/img/@src'</span>).extract_first()</span><br><span class="line">            item[<span class="string">"name"</span>] = name</span><br><span class="line">            item[<span class="string">"src"</span>] = src</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">yield</span> item</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　itemPipeline编码, 持久化数据到本地</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pymongo</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">XiaohuaspiderPipeline</span><span class="params">(object)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">    conn = pymongo.MongoClient(<span class="string">'localhost'</span>, <span class="number">27017</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    db = conn.xiaohua</span><br><span class="line">    table = db.hua</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">process_item</span><span class="params">(self, item, spider)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.table.insert(dict(item))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> item</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">close_spider</span><span class="params">(self, spider)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        self.conn.close()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>　　配置项:</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># UA伪装:</span></span><br><span class="line">USER_AGENT = <span class="string">'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 忽略robots协议:</span></span><br><span class="line">ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 开启管道类</span></span><br><span class="line">ITEM_PIPELINES = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="string">'xiaohuaspider.pipelines.XiaohuaspiderPipeline'</span>: <span class="number">300</span>,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


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      <div style="width:220px;text-align:center;padding-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px dotted #000;"></div>
      <!-- 数字时钟 -->
      <!-- canvas粒子时钟 https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaohuochai/p/6368039.html
  https://www.html5tricks.com/html5-canvas-dance-time.html
 -->
<div id="">
  <canvas id="canvas" style="width:60%;">
</div>
<script>
(function(){
  var WINDOW_WIDTH = 820;
        var WINDOW_HEIGHT = 250;
        var RADIUS = 7; //球半径
        var NUMBER_GAP = 10; //数字之间的间隙
        var u=0.65; //碰撞能量损耗系数
        var context; //Canvas绘制上下文
        var balls = []; //存储彩色的小球
        const colors = ["#33B5E5","#0099CC","#AA66CC","#9933CC","#99CC00","#669900","#FFBB33","#FF8800","#FF4444","#CC0000"]; //彩色小球的颜色
        var currentNums = []; //屏幕显示的8个字符
        var digit =
                  [
                      [
                          [0,0,1,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,0,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,1,0,0]
                      ],//0
                      [
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
                      ],//1
                      [
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,0,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,0,0,0,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,0,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
                      ],//2
                      [
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]
                      ],//3
                      [
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,1,1,0],
                          [0,1,1,0,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,1,1]
                      ],//4
                      [
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,0,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,0,0],
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]
                      ],//5
                      [
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,0,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,0,0,0,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,0,0],
                          [1,1,0,1,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]
                      ],//6
                      [
                          [1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,0,0,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,0,0,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,0,0,0],
                          [0,0,1,1,0,0,0]
                      ],//7
                      [
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0]
                      ],//8
                      [
                          [0,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [1,1,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,1,1,1,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,0,1,1],
                          [0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,1,1,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,0,0,0,0]
                      ],//9
                      [
                          [0,0,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,0],
                          [0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,0],
                          [0,1,1,0],
                          [0,1,1,0],
                          [0,0,0,0],
                          [0,0,0,0]
                      ]//:
                  ];

        function drawDatetime(cxt){
            var nums = [];

            context.fillStyle="#005eac"
            var date = new Date();
            var offsetX = 70, offsetY = 30;
            var hours = date.getHours();
            var num1 = Math.floor(hours/10);
            var num2 = hours%10;
            nums.push({num: num1});
            nums.push({num: num2});
            nums.push({num: 10}); //冒号
            var minutes = date.getMinutes();
            var num1 = Math.floor(minutes/10);
            var num2 = minutes%10;
            nums.push({num: num1});
            nums.push({num: num2});
            nums.push({num: 10}); //冒号
            var seconds = date.getSeconds();
            var num1 = Math.floor(seconds/10);
            var num2 = seconds%10;
            nums.push({num: num1});
            nums.push({num: num2});

            for(var x = 0;x<nums.length;x++){
                nums[x].offsetX = offsetX;
                offsetX = drawSingleNumber(offsetX,offsetY, nums[x].num,cxt);
                //两个数字连一块，应该间隔一些距离
                if(x<nums.length-1){
                    if((nums[x].num!=10) &&(nums[x+1].num!=10)){
                        offsetX+=NUMBER_GAP;
                    }
                }
            }

            //说明这是初始化
            if(currentNums.length ==0){
                currentNums = nums;
            }else{
                //进行比较
                for(var index = 0;index<currentNums.length;index++){
                    if(currentNums[index].num!=nums[index].num){
                        //不一样时，添加彩色小球
                        addBalls(nums[index]);
                        currentNums[index].num=nums[index].num;
                    }
                }
            }
            renderBalls(cxt);
            updateBalls();

            return date;
        }

        function addBalls (item) {
            var num = item.num;
            var numMatrix = digit[num];
            for(var y = 0;y<numMatrix.length;y++){
                for(var x = 0;x<numMatrix[y].length;x++){
                    if(numMatrix[y][x]==1){
                        var ball={
                            offsetX:item.offsetX+RADIUS+RADIUS*2*x,
                            offsetY:30+RADIUS+RADIUS*2*y,
                            color:colors[Math.floor(Math.random()*colors.length)],
                            g:1.5+Math.random(),
                            vx:Math.pow(-1, Math.ceil(Math.random()*10))*4+Math.random(),
                            vy:-5
                        }
                        balls.push(ball);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        function renderBalls(cxt){
            for(var index = 0;index<balls.length;index++){
                cxt.beginPath();
                cxt.fillStyle=balls[index].color;
                cxt.arc(balls[index].offsetX, balls[index].offsetY, RADIUS, 0, 2*Math.PI);
                cxt.fill();
            }
        }

        function updateBalls () {
            var i =0;
            for(var index = 0;index<balls.length;index++){
                var ball = balls[index];
                ball.offsetX += ball.vx;
                ball.offsetY += ball.vy;
                ball.vy+=ball.g;
                if(ball.offsetY > (WINDOW_HEIGHT-RADIUS)){
                    ball.offsetY= WINDOW_HEIGHT-RADIUS;
                    ball.vy=-ball.vy*u;
                }
                if(ball.offsetX>RADIUS&&ball.offsetX<(WINDOW_WIDTH-RADIUS)){

                    balls[i]=balls[index];
                    i++;
                }
            }
            //去除出边界的球
            for(;i<balls.length;i++){
                balls.pop();
            }
        }
        function drawSingleNumber(offsetX, offsetY, num, cxt){
            var numMatrix = digit[num];
            for(var y = 0;y<numMatrix.length;y++){
                for(var x = 0;x<numMatrix[y].length;x++){
                    if(numMatrix[y][x]==1){
                        cxt.beginPath();
                        cxt.arc(offsetX+RADIUS+RADIUS*2*x,offsetY+RADIUS+RADIUS*2*y,RADIUS,0,2*Math.PI);
                        cxt.fill();
                    }
                }
            }
            cxt.beginPath();
            offsetX += numMatrix[0].length*RADIUS*2;
            return offsetX;
        }

        var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
        canvas.width=WINDOW_WIDTH;
        canvas.height=WINDOW_HEIGHT;
        context = canvas.getContext("2d");

        //记录当前绘制的时刻
        var currentDate = new Date();

        setInterval(function(){
            //清空整个Canvas，重新绘制内容
            context.clearRect(0, 0, context.canvas.width, context.canvas.height);
            drawDatetime(context);
        }, 50)
})();
</script>

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